The Patitites are tiny sentient beings native to the swamps of Patitite Pattuna. Despite their diminutive stature, they pack enough punch to take down a pair of wandering droids. Though technologically primitive, they are bright-minded and do have a grasp on machinery. For example, the Patitites carry powered polearms and were able to assist in repairing a downed Y-wing bomber during the Clone Wars. They are socially primitive, however, living in a tyrannical dictatorship where all Patitites are subservient to their ruler, Hay-Zu. All this changed when R2-D2 and C-3PO inadvertently stumbled upon Patitite society in general, and stumbled upon Hay-Zu quite literally.
The Big Hay-Zu was the tyrannical dictator of the Patitites. His high-pitched word was law. The Patitites captured any trespassers to their territory and brought them before Hay-Zu to be judged.
R2-D2 didn't much care for the Patitites, thinking them a nuisance. While he waited for C-3PO to settle matters with the species diplomatically, Artoo accidentally crushed Hay-Zu when Threepio knocked the astromech droid onto the tyrant.
The arrival of Threepio and Artoo greatly unsettled Patitite society. With their cruel dictator squished, the Patitites were free to govern themselves. Before departing Patitite Pattuna, C-3PO introduced democracy to the Patitites, undoubtedly dooming their society to generations of turmoil and strife.